Search results for " smokers"

Blue-yellow deficiencies in young moderate smokers.

2021

Purpose To evaluate whether tobacco affects color vision in young moderate smokers. Methods Chromatic mechanisms of 13 moderate smokers (10–20 cigarettes/day and at least 5 years smoking) and 17 non-smokers in the 18–35 age range were assessed with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue (FM100h) test and short wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP). Results FM100h Total Error Scores (TES) were higher for smokers, and although differences were not significant (p = 0.14), a linear model with principal component analysis was able to explain 95% of the variance in TES and red-green partial error scores, though not in blue-yellow partial error scores (p = 0.07), using the number of years as smokers and t…

Expression of versican in large and small airways and parenchima in lungs of non-smokers smokers and COPD patients

2009

ERYTHROCYTE CATALASE ACTIVITY IN EVER-SMOKERS AND NO-SMOKERS HEALTHY SUBJECTS: INFLUENCE OF FLAVONOIDS (QUERCETIN AND LUTEOLIN)

2013

ERYTHROCYTE CATALASE ACTIVITY IN EVER-SMOKERS AND NO-SMOKERS HEALTHY SUBJECTS: INFLUENCE OF FLAVONOIDS(QUERCETIN AND LUTEOLIN) Background. Oxygen free radicals are highly reactive species that can cause cell damage including lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation and DNA damage. Inactivation and removal of highly reactive species depend by the antioxidant defence systems. The catalase (CAT) belongs to the primary antioxidant defence system of the cell which catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen. Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds with different chemical structure and properties. They are widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, nuts, …

COVID-19 Y SU REPERCUSIÓN EN LAS ADICCIONES

2021

espanolObjetivo. Indagar acerca de la literatura cientifica emergente a nivel internacional sobre la repercusion de la pandemia por COVID-19 en las adicciones. Metodologia. La base de datos Web of Science se utilizo para analizar la literatura cientifica sobre la pandemia por COVID-19 y la influencia que esta pueda tener en el ambito de las adicciones. Resultados. Se identificaron 320 documentos, de los cuales 38 cumplieron los criterios de inclusion. Sobresalieron tres problematicas: el consumo de tabaco, opioides y alcohol. Segun la literatura incipiente, entre los consumidores de opiaceos existe el riesgo de aumento de las sobredosis, asi como un empeoramiento del binomio estres-alcohol …

Permanence of Modifications in Oral Microcirculation in Ex-Smokers.

2019

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of smoking and to investigate the permanence of this damage to the oral microcirculation. Material/Methods: We recruited 75 patients and divided them into 3 groups: group 1 was composed of 25 healthy non-smokers, group 2 was composed of 25 healthy current smokers, and group 3 was composed of 25 healthy ex-smokers. Video-capillaroscopic examination was performed on all patients. The video-capillaroscopic investigation was performed on patients in sitting position, always with the same light source, at the same room temperature (23°C), in the morning, with the same operator (GAS), and was repeated many times for every area …

Microbial communities and novel taxa in « Continental Smokers » of northern Greece

2017

Analogously to the ocean-bottom black/white smokers, “continental smokers” have recently been defined as sites of mantle degassing through continental crust. The goal of this research, carried out within the Deep Carbon Observatory Community, is to investigate the role of deeplysourced fluids in niche ecosystem differentiation in European continental smokers. A 16S rRNA gene survey of microbial communities was carried out on 11 geothermal manifestations of northern Greece, all showing a distinct contribution of mantle fluids (R/Ra up to 1.2) that allow to classify them as continental smokers. The selected sites cover a wide range of temperatures (15-77 °C), pH (6.11-8.46), Eh (-289 – 40 mV)…

Prevalence and determinants of diabetes mellitus in a representative sample of Italian adults

2022

PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF ITALIAN ADULTSBackground: Diabetes mellitus is a dramatic epidemic worldwide. This study providea an updated estimate of itsprevalence and determinants among Italian adults.Methods: Data were derived from a face-to-face survey conducted in 2013 on 2901 individuals (1391 men, 1510 women) aged ≥18 years, representative of the general adult Italian population. Odds ratios (OR) for diabetes versus non diabetes in relation to selected risk factors were derived using multiple logistic regression models.Results: Overall, 135 out of 2901 adults (4.7%) reported a diagnosis of diabetes, with similar prevalence in men (4.8%…

TLR4 Up-regulation and Reduced Foxp3 Expression in Mechanically Ventilated Smokers with Obstructive Chronic Bronchitis

2013

Background: Chronic bronchitis (CB) is a risk factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for accelerated lung function decline and increased mortality. The lung and systemic inflammatory and immunological profile of COPD patients with CB which acutely experience respiratory failure upon a disease exacerbation is unknown. Methods: In this study, we explored the expression of Foxp3 by western blot analysis, TLR4 by immunocytochemistry and the concentrations of IP-10 and IL-8 by ELISA in the mini-bronchoalveolar lavages (mini-BAL) and in the peripheral blood of patients with respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. The recruited subjects were separated i…

Airway inflammation in healthy smokers

2012

Cigarette smoking is a risk factor associated with lung cancer and many other neoplasms of various organs, coronary artery disease and numerous vascular disorders, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and other types of lung diseases [13]. Much work has been done on the in vitro and ex vivo carcinogenetic effects of tobacco smoking while the effects of smoking on innate and adaptive immune function have been studied to a lesser degree. Recent data suggests that cigarette smoke alters the functions of the immune system and increases susceptibility to viral and bacterial infections [4-6]. In the respiratory system along the last years many studies have depicted the changes induced by …

Effectiveness of dentist's intervention in smoking cessation: a review

2016

Introduction: Smoking is one of the main public health problems in developed countries. Despite extensive evidence on the effects of smoking on both oral and general health, the rate of smoking cessation is not promising. Material and Methods: To review the evidence on knowledge and programs for smoking cessation developed by dentists, a literature review was carried out on programs for smoking cessation from the dentist’s perspective, as well as a review of behavioral guidelines that have been recently proposed for these interventions. We used the keywords “Tobacco”, “Smoking Prevention”, “Public Health” AND “Dentistry”, to identify controlled studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses …